In every subject a teacher should have a different approach towards pupils with disabilities taking into account the specifics of a particular subject. Natural and Social Sciences is one of the subjects which requires the design of an adapted or individualized curriculum in order to teach pupils with disabilities. Due to specificity of teaching Natural and Social Sciences requiring skills such as visualization and orientation, it is necessary to pay special attention to teaching materials and teaching methods used by a teacher during the realization of the adapted curriculum. Many teachers encounter difficulties while teaching pupils with disabilities, so it is advisable to compare the theoretical and practical approach to such individualized instruction. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to investigate the types of pupils’ disabilities that teachers encounter in the classroom as well as to become familiar with the teaching of Natural and Social Sciences that is adapted to pupils with disabilities and to get acquainted with the practical examples of the teaching methods, ways of adapting teaching materials and the assessment methods of pupils with disabilities. It has been concluded that in this area of study teaching methods, teaching materials and assessment methods of Natural and Social Sciences contents for pupils with disabilities differ from the ones used with other pupils and that teachers need additional support and assistance in dealing with such pupils in order to improve the quality of their teaching.