Title Industrija 4.0 i izazovi suvremene industrijske politike
Title (english) Industry 4.0 and challenges for the industrial policy
Author Javor Klem
Mentor Nataša Drvenkar (mentor)
Committee member Nataša Drvenkar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Domagoj Karačić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Ivan Kristek (član povjerenstva)
Granter Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Faculty of Economics in Osijek (Chair of National and International Economics) Osijek
Defense date and country 2018-09-27, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline SOCIAL SCIENCES Economics General Economy
Abstract Industrija je djelatnost koja je kroz stoljeća bila jedna od glavnih snaga promjene, kako
tehnoloških tako i onih u gospodarstvu i društvu općenito. Unatoč tome što utjecaj
industrijske proizvodnje zadnjih desetljeća prividno opada, industrija je i dalje odgovorna za
najveći dio ulaganja u istraživanje i razvoj, međunarodne trgovine te izravno ili neizravno
pruža zaposlenje velikom boju ljudi. Razvojem tehnologije dolazi veće do integracije
industrije u gotovo sve pore društva. Izravno povezivanje tvornica i potrošača, odnosno
ponude i potraže, putem interneta omogućuje da personalizirani proizvodi u pravo vrijeme i
na pravom mjestu budu dostupni potrošačima.
Industrija 4.0 odnosi se na „njemački projekt“ Četvrte industrijske revolucije čiji je cilj
integrirati najnovije tehnologije u proizvodnju. Uz pomoć „interneta stvari“, aditivne
proizvodnje, autonomnih strojeva i mnogih drugih tehnologija cilj je stvoriti tzv. „cyberfizičke sustave“ koji će brzo i samostalno proizvoditi proizvode potpuno prilagođene željama
potrošnje (pametni proizvodi) uz efikasnu potrošnju resursa i energije. Razvoj i primjena
industrije 4.0, odnosno automatizacija proizvodnje dovest će velikih promjena u
gospodarstvu, a pogotovo na tržištu rada. Unatoč rastu proizvodnje odnosno profitabilnosti
postoji ozbiljan rizik da će velik broj radnih mjesta biti ugrožen. S obzirom na te promjene
države, poslovni subjekti, civilne organizacije, ali i šira javnost trebaju zauzeti proaktivan stav
kojim će se pojačati pozitivni utjecaji, a smanjiti negativni utjecaji tih promjena.
Problem deindustrijalizacije zahvaća mnoge zapadne zemlje pa tako ni Europska Unija, a
pogotovo Hrvatska nisu pošteđene. Ipak unatoč trendu pada udjela industrije u BDP-u i broju
zaposlenih, vrijednost europske industrijske proizvodnje u blagom je rastu. Cilj industrijske
politike je ubrzati taj rast poticanjem inovacija i primjene novih tehnologija u proizvodnji,
dok se u isto vrijeme, uz pomoć ostalih ekonomskih i socijalnih politika, neutralizira ili čak
preokrene negativni trend smanjena udjela industrije u BDP-u i broju zaposlenih.
Abstract (english) Industry is an activity that has been one of the main forces of change for centuries, both
technological and economic as well as societal. Despite the apparent decline of the
importance of industry during the last decades, the industry remains responsible for most of
the investment in research and development, international trade and directly or indirectly
provides employment to large number of people. Development of technology lead to greater
integration of the industrial production in society. Connecting of factories and consumers
through the internet will enable availability of personalized products in the right place at the
right time. Industry 4.0 is German project for the fourth industrial revolution. Its goal is to
integrate the latest technology into production. With the help of the internet-of-things,
additive production, autonomous machines and many other technologies, the goal is to create
cyber-physical systems that will quickly and independently and efficiently make products
completely tailored to the desires of consumers (smart products). The development and
application of industry 4.0 will lead to major changes in the economy, especially in the labor
market. Despite the growth in production and profitability, there is a serious risk that many
jobs will be endangered. Given these changes, businesses, public organizations and the
general public need to take a proactive stance that will amplify positive effects and reduce the
negative impacts of these changes.
The problem of deindustrialization is affecting many western countries. European Union, and
especially Croatia, are not spared from it. Nevertheless, despite the reduction of share of
industry in the GDP and the number of employees value of European industrial production
has been growing steadily. The goal of industrial policy is to accelerate this growth by
encouraging innovation and the application of new technologies in production, while at the
same time, with the help of other economic and social policies, neutralizing or even
overturning the negative trends.
Keywords
industrija 4.0
industrijska politika
reindustrijalizacija
Keywords (english)
industry 4.0
industrial policy
reindustrialization
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:145:515414
Study programme Title: Marketing Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekonomije (magistar/magistra ekonomije)
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Created on 2019-02-05 07:46:47