With regard to a symbolic encompassment of the influence exerted on its users, a promontory position within the profession indubitably belongs to the academic school-based librarianship. Therefore, it is expectable that the scientists and profession theoreticians have greatly succeeded in their finding the solutions to the oppositions and prejudices that had existed in the past but are still observable nowadays. It is opined that a reason therefor is the absence of a clear definition of the scope of activities of an academic school-based librarian, i.e., of the academic school-based librarianship as a profession. The academic school-based librarians occupy their position in an educational and teaching system, and the importance of their scope of activities as an inomissible segment that contributes to the development and growth of an educational and teaching institution through multiple activities implemented therein is emphasized exactly because of this fact. Concerning the factual uniqueness of an academic school-based librarianship, it is necessary to find out and establish the commencements and real initializations for the creation of an academic school-based librarianship, primarily via heritage-oriented Franciscan monastic collections, which represent a major research challenge in all domains. The Franciscan order has exerted a tremendous influence on the schooling system by its operation, what is circumstantiated by the initiatives to open the first schools, as well as by a systematic promotion of the schooling system. In that respect, the Franciscan monasteries are a sort of a phenomenon due to their exceptional approach directed toward a stimulation and advancement of the schooling system, as well as to a necessity to investigate the significance and role of the Franciscan monastic collections. The doctoral thesis will explore and establish the origins of academic school-based librarianship while analyzing the influence of heritage-oriented Franciscan monastic collections upon their development, with an emphasis laid on the role, organization, and historical advancement of monasteries as the centers of spiritual and educational life of an area and an unquestionable role of libraries and the first librarians therein. In any case, this objective has to be taken into account when stipulating the research hypotheses; therefore, the research will be conducted while perusing the relevant literature of the Franciscan monastic libraries and applying the correspondent scientific methods. At any rate, regarding the stratified possibilities to explore the topic, the results obtained may be further operationally 3 used for an in-depth analysis of library collections of the heritage- oriented Franciscan monasteries, as the sources of development of the Croatian academic school-based librarianship.