Relativism has become the dominant existentialist delineation or paradigm of contemporary democratic and pluralistic societies. It silently and systematically eliminates moral principles and Christian values and manages to assert itself as the only applicable way of thinking and living in the contemporary societal context. The rising trend of distancing believers from the Church and practicing religiousness in private, without complete acceptance of Church doctrine and without contact with the parish community, requires finding new ways of evangelization, new methods of pastoral work, and application of creative instruments for necessary pastoral transformation. This paper will, after defining basic terms, analyze fundamental moral principles and essential Christian values based on natural and divine laws. Fundamental human and Christian values in Croatia will be researched and analyzed according to socio-religious studies from 1999 to 2018, i.e., in three waves of research in which Croatia participated, with an emphasis on marriage, family, children, religiousness, and ecclesiality. The final section will analyze contemporary challenges in pastoral work that today’s Church is facing, as well as dimensions of pastoral conversion of the parish community, i.e., contents and areas of pastoral work where pastoral reform is necessary.